Chu-ko-nu

Mingi dünastia-aegne vibupüss

Chu-ko-nu (ehk korduv amb (hiina keeles 連弩, Lián Nǔ) või Zhuge amb (kolme riigi ajastu aegse Zhuge Liangi järgi, hiina keeles 諸葛弩, Zhūgě nǔ)) on amb, mis leiutati Hiinas sõdivate riikide ajastul. Relva ehituses on vinnastamine, laadimine ja vabastamine kombineeritud üheks liigutuseks.

Vanimad tõendid korduvast vibupüssist pärinevad Chu riigi ajast. Tol ajal valmistatud relvade püstolkäepidemed erinesid hiljem Mingi dünastia ajal tavaliseks saanud ambude omast.

Kuigi see Zhuge amb oli Hiinas pikalt, kuni Qingi dünastia lõpuni, kasutusel, ei peetud seda üldiselt sõjarelvaks. Seda kasutasid tihti naised näiteks kodu kaitsmiseks. Lisaks oli see kasutusel jahinduses.

Vaata ka

• Cheiroballistra
• Polybolos
• Kiirtule amb
• Panjagan

Viited

• Liang, Jieming (2006), Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity, Singapore, Republic of Singapore: Leong Kit Meng, ISBN 981-05-5380-3
• Needham, Joseph (1994), Science and Civilization in China Volume 5 Part 6, Cambridge University Press

Kirjandus

• Adle, Chahryar (2003), History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Development in Contrast: from the Sixteenth to the Mid-Nineteenth Century
• Ágoston, Gábor (2005), Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapons Industry in the Ottoman Empire, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-60391-9
• Agrawal, Jai Prakash (2010), High Energy Materials: Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics, Wiley-VCH
• Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7.
• Arnold, Thomas (2001), The Renaissance at War, Cassell & Co, ISBN 0-304-35270-5
• Benton, Captain James G. (1862). A Course of Instruction in Ordnance and Gunnery (2 ed.). West Point, New York: Thomas Publications. ISBN 1-57747-079-6.
• Brown, G. I. (1998), The Big Bang: A History of Explosives, Sutton Publishing, ISBN 0-7509-1878-0.
• Buchanan, Brenda J., toim (2006), Gunpowder, Explosives and the State: A Technological History, Aldershot: Ashgate, ISBN 0-7546-5259-9
• Chase, Kenneth (2003), Firearms: A Global History to 1700, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-82274-2.
• Cocroft, Wayne (2000), Dangerous Energy: The archaeology of gunpowder and military explosives manufacture, Swindon: English Heritage, ISBN 1-85074-718-0
• Cook, Haruko Taya (2000), Japan At War: An Oral History, Phoenix Press
• Cowley, Robert (1993), Experience of War, Laurel.
• Cressy, David (2013), Saltpeter: The Mother of Gunpowder, Oxford University Press
• Crosby, Alfred W. (2002), Throwing Fire: Projectile Technology Through History, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-79158-8.
• Curtis, W. S. (2014), Long Range Shooting: A Historical Perspective, WeldenOwen.
• Earl, Brian (1978), Cornish Explosives, Cornwall: The Trevithick Society, ISBN 0-904040-13-5.
• Easton, S. C. (1952), Roger Bacon and His Search for a Universal Science: A Reconsideration of the Life and Work of Roger Bacon in the Light of His Own Stated Purposes, Basil Blackwell
• Ebrey, Patricia B. (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-43519-6
• Grant, R.G. (2011), Battle at Sea: 3,000 Years of Naval Warfare, DK Publishing.
• Hadden, R. Lee. 2005. "Confederate Boys and Peter Monkeys." Armchair General. January 2005. Adapted from a talk given to the Geological Society of America on March 25, 2004.
• Harding, Richard (1999), Seapower and Naval Warfare, 1650-1830, UCL Press Limited
• al-Hassan, Ahmad Y. (2001), "Potassium Nitrate in Arabic and Latin Sources", History of Science and Technology in Islam, vaadatud 23. juulil 2007.
• Hobson, John M. (2004), The Eastern Origins of Western Civilisation, Cambridge University Press.
• Johnson, Norman Gardner. "explosive". Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
• Kelly, Jack (2004), Gunpowder: Alchemy, Bombards, & Pyrotechnics: The History of the Explosive that Changed the World, Basic Books, ISBN 0-465-03718-6.
• Khan, Iqtidar Alam (1996), "Coming of Gunpowder to the Islamic World and North India: Spotlight on the Role of the Mongols", Journal of Asian History, 30: 41–5.
• Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2004), Gunpowder and Firearms: Warfare in Medieval India, Oxford University Press
• Khan, Iqtidar Alam (2008), Historical Dictionary of Medieval India, The Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 0-8108-5503-8
• Kinard, Jeff (2007), Artillery An Illustrated History of its Impact
• Konstam, Angus (2002), Renaissance War Galley 1470-1590, Osprey Publisher Ltd..
• Lidin, Olaf G. (2002), Tanegashima – The Arrival of Europe in Japan, Nordic Inst of Asian Studies, ISBN 8791114128
• Loades, Mike (2018), The Crossbow, Osprey
• Lorge, Peter A. (2008), The Asian Military Revolution: from Gunpowder to the Bomb, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-60954-8
• Lu, Gwei-Djen (1988), "The Oldest Representation of a Bombard", Technology and Culture, 29: 594–605
• May, Timothy (2012), The Mongol Conquests in World History, Reaktion Books
• McLahlan, Sean (2010), Medieval Handgonnes
• McNeill, William Hardy (1992), The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community, University of Chicago Press.
• Morillo, Stephen (2008), War in World History: Society, Technology, and War from Ancient Times to the Present, Volume 1, To 1500, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-052584-9
• Needham, Joseph (1971), Science and Civilization in China Volume 4 Part 3, Cambridge At The University Press
• Needham, Joseph (1980), Science & Civilisation in China, kd 5 pt. 4, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-08573-X
• Needham, Joseph (1986), Science & Civilisation in China, kd V:7: The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-30358-3.
• Nicolle, David (1990), The Mongol Warlords: Ghengis Khan, Kublai Khan, Hulegu, Tamerlane
• Nolan, Cathal J. (2006), The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000–1650: an Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization, Vol 1, A-K, kd 1, Westport & London: Greenwood Press, ISBN 0-313-33733-0
• Norris, John (2003), Early Gunpowder Artillery: 1300–1600, Marlborough: The Crowood Press.
• Partington, J. R. (1960), A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder, Cambridge, UK: W. Heffer & Sons.
• Partington, J. R. (1999), A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-5954-9
• Patrick, John Merton (1961), Artillery and warfare during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Utah State University Press.
• Pauly, Roger (2004), Firearms: The Life Story of a Technology, Greenwood Publishing Group.
• Perrin, Noel (1979), Giving up the Gun, Japan's reversion to the Sword, 1543–1879, Boston: David R. Godine, ISBN 0-87923-773-2
• Petzal, David E. (2014), The Total Gun Manual (Canadian edition), WeldonOwen.
• Phillips, Henry Prataps (2016), The History and Chronology of Gunpowder and Gunpowder Weapons (c.1000 to 1850), Notion Press
• Purton, Peter (2010), A History of the Late Medieval Siege, 1200–1500, Boydell Press, ISBN 1-84383-449-9
• Robins, Benjamin (1742), New Principles of Gunnery
• Rose, Susan (2002), Medieval Naval Warfare 1000-1500, Routledge
• Roy, Kaushik (2015), Warfare in Pre-British India, Routledge
• Schmidtchen, Volker (1977a), "Riesengeschütze des 15. Jahrhunderts. Technische Höchstleistungen ihrer Zeit", Technikgeschichte 44 (2): 153–173 (153–157)
• Schmidtchen, Volker (1977b), "Riesengeschütze des 15. Jahrhunderts. Technische Höchstleistungen ihrer Zeit", Technikgeschichte 44 (3): 213–237 (226–228)
• Tran, Nhung Tuyet (2006), Viêt Nam Borderless Histories, University of Wisconsin Press.
• Turnbull, Stephen (2001), Siege Weapons of the Far East (1) AD 612-1300, Osprey Publishing
• Turnbull, Stephen (2002), Siege Weapons of the Far East (2) AD 960-1644, Osprey Publishing
• Turnbull, Stephen (2003), Fighting Ships Far East (2: Japan and Korea Ad 612-1639, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-478-7
• Urbanski, Tadeusz (1967), Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, kd III, New York: Pergamon Press.
• Villalon, L. J. Andrew (2008), The Hundred Years War (part II): Different Vistas, Brill Academic Pub, ISBN 978-90-04-16821-3
• Wagner, John A. (2006), The Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War, Westport & London: Greenwood Press, ISBN 0-313-32736-X
• Watson, Peter (2006), Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud, Harper Perennial (2006), ISBN 0-06-093564-2
• Wilkinson, Philip (9. september 1997), Castles, Dorling Kindersley, ISBN 978-0-7894-2047-3
• Wilkinson-Latham, Robert (1975), Napoleon's Artillery, France: Osprey Publishing, ISBN 0-85045-247-3
• Willbanks, James H. (2004), Machine guns: an illustrated history of their impact, ABC-CLIO, Inc.
• Williams, Anthony G. (2000), Rapid Fire, Shrewsbury: Airlife Publishing Ltd., ISBN 1-84037-435-7

Välislingid

• Build a Wooden Crossbow Popular Mechanics Plans